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This appears to be a Scale infestation.
It can take a bit of work to rid your plant of this insect, but here is a link with several suggestions.
Neem Oil is a good treatment, as it is safe for people and pets.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/control-plant-scale.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm

Your new plant needs a full sun to partial sun location.
Make sure the pot has adequate drainage holes for the excess water to drain from the soil.
As long as the roots do not sit in soggy soil and the soil drains and dries, the plant should be just fine.

Here is a link to help refresh you on the care requirements.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/pachira-money-tree/growing-money-tree-houseplant.htm

This article will help you determine the right growing conditions for your plant in terms of location, watering and fertilizing:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/money-plant/growing-money-plants.htm

I think the money tree's environment is the cause. A money tree actually requires above room room humidity. Air conditioning would remove moisture from the air. I would recommend removing your plant from the draft of the air conditioner as well - it may be making your plant too cold.

For more information on how to care for a money tree, please visit the following link:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/pachira-money-tree/growing-money-tree-houseplant.htm

Here is a link to an article that discusses reasons for yellowing leaves:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/environmental/plant-leaves-turn-yellow.htm

This plant can be planted at any time indoors. See this article:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/pachira-money-tree/growing-money-tree-houseplant.htm

If you live in a warm region, you can plant the seed outdoors in spring. Or, you can grow the seedling indoors, then transplant outside.