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The quickest help will be with someone familiar with the local plants such as the university cooperative extension in Hawaii.
Here is how to reach them:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/extension-search

I believe it is the Geiger tree (Cordia sebestena) and you can see it in South Florida.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/geiger-tree/geiger-tree-information.htm

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st182

I can't find it either, but it may be some kind of antique hand cultivator.

They are both culinary herbs. The first one looks like oregano, the second one with the larger leaves is garden sage.

You can tell for sure by pinching the leaves to see if they are truly aromatic herbs. If so, they should be easy to grow, Most herbs don't require rich soil, but they do like good drainage and sunshine.

Before you eat them, be sure of what they are. Any nursery will be able to confirm their identity.

Here's an article that should be helpful:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/hgen/edible-herb-garden.htm

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/sage/how-to-grow-sage.htm

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/oregano/learn-how-to-grow-oregano.htm

The first one looks like at Ti plant (Cordyline fruticosa).

The second one looks like a variety of croton.

The first one looks to be a type of Lithops seedling, but there is a chance that it could be a defective early flowering mulberry seedling. It happens on occasion. It is noteworthy that anything in the Cannabaceae family can have these types of flowers. This includes the Hackberry and several other trees.

The second is a pepper.

The third is in the mint family, but that's as far as you will get here. Seedling pictures of anything in the mint family will be very difficult to pin down.

The last picture appears to be a football player.

Low quality soils are very notorious for having weeds present. You can pasteurize the soil at 180 degrees F for 3 hours to kill off anything that shouldn't be there.