It's in partial shade. The soil is clay.
Japanese maple leaf problems may look like trouble, but that’s about it! Typically, they don’t affect your tree’s health.
Usually leaf spot, anthracnose and powdery mildew can be cleared in a few steps.
Avoid getting water directly on tree leaves (by overhead irrigation) because fungi thrive in wet conditions.
If your tree does needs watering, water in the morning, so they have the whole day to dry.
Rake up infected leaves in the fall until the tree's bed is completely clear.
Bag 'em and send them off with your garbage collection. Don’t compost, or you risk spreading the fungus spores all over your yard.
If any branches or limbs look dead, prune those out using proper pruning cuts.
Fungicides aren't necessary for leaf problems. If you want the extra safety net, your arborist can recommend treatment.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/japanese-maple/japanese-maple-tree-lifespan.htm
planted in front of my home, facing north
A recent planting showing signs of distress can be due to watering issues.
A consistent watering regimen is needed to keep the new planting happy and settled into the new home.
Make sure the soil is well draining.
Here are some articles to help you.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/what-is-well-drained-garden-soil.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/japanese-maple/japanese-maple-care.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/japanese-maple/japanese-maple-problems.htm
Fungal infections are very common in Japanese Maples, but are not difficult to cure. This article will go over fungicide use: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/info/using-fungicides-in-garden.htm
This will help you to care for Japanese Maples: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/japanese-maple/japanese-maple-care.htm
The tree has cacoon shaped objects hanging from it. These are the same color of the leaves. We have two trees in different areas of the yard . Only one had these objects hanging under the leaves. What are these?
These are bagworm cocoons. This article will help you to get rid of these: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/treatment-bagworms.htm
A Harp String Japanese Maple that was grafted has taken on the characteristics of one of its species that is also in the same garden. Is it noted that a grafted Japanese Maple will begin to revert back to its origins easily if a species is close by?
It could be that a sucker has grown up from below the graft and exhibits characteristics of the root stock.
10 inch, 1/2 inch deep, break in the bark of the main stem. What should I do? Is the tree healthy? How much longer will it live?
The possibilities are a superficial bark expansion crack (but it sounds like it's too deep for that). The most likely is a water deficit that allows drying of tissues, Or it could be a torsion fracture if the stem is unsupported and has twisted in wind event. Or it can be related to a nutrient deficiency, particularly Calcium, without adequate availability impairs good tissue and cell wall development and wood strength.
My Japanese maple is having problems. The tree is over 15 years old. no problems. Last year , beautiful. Now over half of the branches are barren of leaves. The branches that have no leaves are of an orange'ish color. The branches don't snap off, but seem alittle rubbery. I've seen some examples of the problem online, but no one says what it is. The grapes come up on the vine, progressively start at one point turning brown and goes across the grape until it is completely brown then falls off.
I would suggest taking a few samples to your County Extension Office for a hands on look. They will be able to advise you further.
This link will help you locate your nearest office.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/extension-search
This article cover the more common disease issues with Japanese Maples.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/japanese-maple/japanese-maple-problems.htm
This sounds like Black Rot on your grapevine.
These articles may help you with this.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/grapes/treating-grapevine-problems.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/grapes/black-rot-grape-treatment.htm