What type of flower will produce saffron?
Saffron is from the saffron crocus. It is a fall (not spring) blooming crocus that is tender, so it needs protection from the cold.
My farm has hills and plains. I would like to plant saffron and vanilla. Is this possible in the province of Baras, Philippines? Thank you. Gonzalo B. Misa
Saffron should be possible. It is a fall blooming crocus that should be fine in your area. This article should help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/saffron/growing-saffron-crocus.htm
Vanilla is another matter. It is an orchid and needs a very specific environment of heat and humidity but not direct light. If you feel you would be able to provide that, this article will be helpful:
http://web.extension.illinois.edu/macon/palette/091213.html
What type of plant food and amount should be used?
Use a fertilizer with higher phosphorus to help with blooming. Use the fertilizer as directed on the package. Fertilizers vary from type, so I can't give specific amounts due to this.
After a year and a half, I have saffron crocus blooms! :D Is there a right or wrong time to pull the threads? Also, I seem to have some 'friends' who are as excited as I am. Maybe slugs. If you have advice on that, that would much appreciated as well. Thank you for your time.
The harvest period is usually anywhere from late September to late December and is best performed early in the morning. Blossoms are at their maximum for about 15 to 20 days. The harvested stigmas should be placed in a dark, warm and dry room for five to seven days in order to dry.
If slugs are a problem, this article should help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/facts-about-slugs-and-how-to-kill-garden-slugs.htm
How many crocuses are needed to produce . 4 grams of saffron?
Not sure of the exact math but I do know that about 50-60 saffron flowers are needed to produce about 1 tablespoon of saffron spice.
They are dormant in summer time so the bed will be just dirt in the summer. I need companion plants.
I would suggest appropriate annuals and perennials for the location that will not crowd or overtake the crocus. Your choices will depend on your USDA hardiness zone, size, colors, sun, soil type and many other variables.
Can Saffron Crocus bulbs be planted in early spring and, if so, will they flower in the following fall?
These are normally planted in the fall but if you live in an ideal climate, it shouldn't hurt to plant them in spring. It might depend on the bulb's maturity as to whether or not it blooms. This article should help you: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/saffron/growing-saffron-crocus.htm