I know the depth of planting onion sets is 1 inch, and I am about to plant out onions grown from seed [Ailsa Craig]. They are at present 4 inches high. My question is "How deep do I plant these?"
You should plant them at a depth of about 1/3 to 1/2 their length.
Everybody tells me that I have to step the onion tops over when tops turn into seed and push the onions deeper into ground. Something is wrong cause all I get is 50 cent size every year. Should I try this way once?
You can try it and it may help. I would add some organic material to the soil, maybe a little sand. If the soil is too heavy, onions have a hard time growing very large.
I'm growing onions for the first time in a vegetable patch with other seeds and have no idea what the seedling looks like.
like a tubular blade of grass.
They look kind of like a blade of grass, but tubular like the green part of a scallion, or green onion. have you ever had garlic you bought in the store sprout in your kitchen? If so, an onion seedling looks alot like that little green sprout. If you are still unsure, you can pinch off the very tip of the seedling and taste it. If it's onion, it will taste like onion. Hope this helps.
Does this mean that I uncover my onions?
This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/onion/onion-info-tips-for-growing-big-onions.htm
Should you break off the tops if there are small onions on the top early in the season?
I was told as a lad that onions cease to swell if the leaves are blown over. Is this true? If it is, would it be possible to grow onions in a wired frame to specifically stop the leaves blowing over?
No, this is not true. Though, I can see the logic in it. The bulb grows based on the energy that is gathered by the leaves. If they blow over, there is a chance they will be damaged and will die, so therefore will not be able to send energy to the bulb.
If your leave blow over, you can simply prop them back up so that they can mend themselves. But, I think you will find that the leaves adjust themselves to the conditions they are grown in and will not blow over. If you live in a very windy area and are still concerned, you can build a windblock that would keep the wind from reaching the plants in the first place.
Using compost and topsoil, how deep should the seed be planted?
Plant them 1/4-1/2 inch deep. Here's an article that may also be helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/onion/growing-onion-seed.htm