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This can be tricky! Here is a collection of articles that will show you how to make your own pesticides, along with many other useful tips: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/organic/

A better remedy is to put 1/4 of a "mosquito dunk" in a full watering can and drench the soil of affected plants. As you noted, the presence of fungus gnats often indicates over-watering. Also important to their control is to empty saucers under plants within several minutes of watering. Mosquito dunks should be available at hardware stores. Yellow sticky traps may snare the adult flyers. If you want to try the potato remedy, instructions are in this article on fungus gnats: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/fungus-gnats.htm

You can use Neem Oil to treat for Aphids.

This article will help you.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/homemade-aphid-control.htm

I would definitely try and remove as many of those grubs, and anything that doesn't look like an earthworm. They can munch on young roots, and do some damage.

Actually, this article will address the problem: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/treatment-bagworms.htm

This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/get-rid-of-ants.htm