I have just purchased a cycad, but after I got it home I noticed that the roots were growing out the drain holes. I went online to look at repotting it, saw an article about the cyanobacteria on roots, and now can't find it, but my 'baby' is literally infested. I have found through research that these are very toxic. Do they need to be removed, and if so, how?
Actually, cyanobacteria and cycad have a symbiotic relationship. You don't need to worry about them being there. It is actually healthy for the plant. Here is more info: https://www.uog.edu/_resources/files/news-and-announcements/2019-2020/press-releases/2020-Press_Release_-_Cycads_provide_nitrogen_to_soil.pdf
Is it ok to leave a cycad outside when it's cold in Zone 6b? Will the yellow leaves turn green again?
Cycads cannot take the winter temperatures in zone 6. It needs to come indoors for the winter. The yellow leaves will not turn green again but the plant may grow new leaves if the stem/trunk is not dead. This article will help you determine if the plant is still alive:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/environmental/how-to-tell-if-a-plant-is-dead-and-how-to-recover-an-almost-dead-plant.htm
What fertilizer should I use on my cycads?
I have a cycad plant which is approx 16 yrs old. In December last year the new inner leaves turned yellow and appeared almost burnt. Since our gardener had cut the outer older leaves, we decided to remove these leaves altogether, only showing the stump. After much feeding, etc., it has taken the entire year to push out new leaves which appeared towards the middle to end November. They looked absolutely beautiful but to my dismay the new leaves are also turning yellow!! The tip is not there yet, but I am frightened that the entire leaf will go this way. There has been a lot of rain and the cycad gets afternoon sun but . . . What am I doing incorrectly?
This could be attributed to a number of factors having to do with overall care. Here is an article or two that you may find helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/sago-palm/how-to-care-for-sago-palms.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/cycads/growing-cycad-plants.htm
How do I prepare the seeds from my cycads for growing? Is their a specific way I need to test the seeds?
Drop the seeds into a bucket of water overnight. The seeds that are floating are likely not viable.
Plant only the seeds at the bottom of the bucket.
Fill 4 inch plastic pots with half peat moss and half perlite. Lay the seed on the soil surface with the rounded end is parallel with the surface.
Push the seed into the soil so it is 2/3 of the way below the surface. Water the pot until the water drains out.
Maintain a constant moisture but not soggy.
Keep in a bright and sheltered area and maintain temperatures between 70 and 90 degrees F.
You should start to see signs of germination in 2 to 3 months.
Another 2 years in the shade and they are generally ready to go to the ground in the fall of their 2nd year.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/cycads/growing-cycad-plants.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/sago-palm/sago-palms-flower.htm
I have two well established cycads, one I put in ground under veranda with other palms and is doing fine and the other I put in tall pot with potting mix and most of the leaves are starting to go yellow and it's under same veranda. There is about 50% light to the pot and less to one in ground.
Yellowing leaves can indicate a few things; disease, insects and in this case likely a watering issue.
To much or to little.
These plants need to have well draining, moist soil but will die of root rot if they sit in soggy soil.
Here is a link to refresh you on the care requirements.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/cycads/growing-cycad-plants.htm
My cycad has just shot new fronds but all are eaten, yellowing and I have found little green and brown grubs on stems. I have physically destroyed these as I find them but how can I treat and bring plant back to health?
I would treat the plants with Neem Oil.
Then follow the optimum care information in the article below.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/cycads/growing-cycad-plants.htm