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Several things can keep a plant from flowering. Youth, for one -- sometimes plants don't flower until they're several years old. Too much shade is another. The third most likely is too much nitrogen/too little phosphorous. The fix for the first is patience; the second is hard, unless you can cut back some limbs; the third involves cutting back on fertilizer, using fertilizer with a higher middle number, and working bonemeal into the soil as an immediate fix.

Here's a good article that should answer your questions: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/weigela/pruning-weigela.htm
Weigelas are tough and feisty, a good plant to start practicing the old gardening adage -- Fear Not The Pruners.

This would be a "volunteer" plant, meaning it probably grew from a seed dropped by birds. Unfortunately, these plants rarely flower very much. The weigelas that flower so beautifully are grown from cuttings of plants that are outstanding bloomers. If you want one, my advice is to cut down your volunteer and buy a nice bush to put in its place. This article has some more information: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/weigela/growing-weigela.htm

Here is a map of the planting zones in Montana:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/planting-zones/montana-planting-zones.htm

The vast majority of the state of Montana falls into growing zones 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b. It looks like Marion, MT falls in Zone 4b: -25F to -20F.

Wine Weigala grows in plant hardiness zones 4-8

I think it will work!

Weigela's do best in full sun. However, they can tolerate light shade at times, especially where summers are very hot.

For more information on growing weigela, please visit the following link:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/weigela/growing-weigela.htm

Yes, you can root weigela from softwood cuttings. Information on how to do this can be found here:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/how-to-root-cuttings-from-various-shrubs-bushes-and-trees.htm