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Your pictures came through and are very helpful. Thank you. The cold and sudden onset of winter where I live caused a lot of winter die-back but I don't think it is related to pest infestations. I think you have sawfly larvae eating the leaves. These are also called rose slugs. They look like a 1/2-3/4 inch yellow-green caterpillar and feed on the underneath sides of leaves. Initially the leaf develops a gray blotch which becomes a hole. Be a sleuth and look all over the bottom of leaves to find some larvae or egg masses. Proper ID is the first step toward effective treatment. Here is some info on control measures: http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/help-for-the-home-gardener/advice-tips-resources/pests-and-problems/insects/sawflies/rose-and-pear-slugs-sawflies.aspx

There are white spots caused by powdery mildew and whitish gray spots on leaves caused by insects, often eating on the underside of the leaves. Where I live, this is the time of year when rose slugs are active. They aren't true slugs but the larvae of sawflies. They either burrow into buds to eat, which destroys them, or they suck the juices out of leaves leaving a white spot that eventually becomes a hole. Rose slugs when young are 1/8" long and yellow-green. Their maximum size is 3/4". Unless the infestation is severe, remove them by hand. There are usually 2-3 generations per growing season so keep an eye out for them to recur.

In all honesty, your rose looks like the invasive multiflora rose and not the Osiria "Ruby" or the miniature "Ruby Ruby". The Osiria Ruby is a hybrid tea rose and grows to 3 ft or so; the miniature is smaller, 2-3 ft. Growing a hybrid from seed never reproduces the parent plant just like 2 human parents don't produce clones. Given it's size, it should be blooming by now if it is going to. Containers for roses of that size have to be wide and deep. You should be pruning annually to encourage it to bush out. Wait until next year to start. Give it 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. The following is a good article on growing container roses and references the Osiria Ruby. https://www.heirloomroses.com/info/care/how-to/rose-container-gardening/

They may be aphids. Here is some info on this problem, if that is what you have: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/roses/aphids-on-roses.htm

You should be okay with the Azaleas. Also you could try replacing most of the soils and go back in with some of the Home Run series of rosebushes or some of the Morden rosebushes, such as Morden Sunrise.

You cannot really divide a rose and have it do well. Many times both die. The best time to dig up and replant is very early Spring when the ground is workable and before the rosebush breaks its winter dormancy.