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I would suggest you contact your local extension office (found in the gov't section of your phone book) I too have researched this problem and can find nothing in the way of pests of palm trees that matches your description. The extension agent should be able to get a better idea of what your dealing with and how to treat it.

It is palm scale. Neem oil is a good treatment. These articles should help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/scale-bug-how-to-control-plant-scale.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/palms/sticky-palm-tree-leaves-treatment-for-palm-scale.htm

If you see insects and white spots, yes, I would say there is an infestation.

The yellowing leaves are most likely do the stress and insects, but check watering.
Water when the top surface becomes dry, soil should be damp but not soggy.

Neem Oil is a good treatment. It works as both an insecticide and fungicide.

Here are some links for you.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/palms/sticky-palm-tree-leaves-treatment-for-palm-scale.htm

It does appear that the plant has suffered from too much sunlight. It needs a bright but indirect light location.
An East facing window or 5 feet from a sunny window location.

Your plant is also infected with Spider Mites.

These links will help you.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/spider-mite-treatment.htm

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm

This sounds like a Scale pest issue.
The plants should be treated with Neem Oil.
I would isolate the palm from other plants.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/sago-palm/white-spots-on-sago.htm

If the fronds begin drying out at the tips and it moves down the leaf, causing the leaves to brown, the palm is too dry. If the leaves turn yellow, the soil may be too wet.