I am growing a cyclamen. Can that be replanted outdoors in Pasadena, MD? If not, how do I care for it so it blooms next year, if at all?
If you bought it from a florist or as a houseplant, then it cannot be planted outside as it will be a tropical cyclamen. But, you can get it to rebloom indoors. This article will help you with that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/cyclamen/cyclamen-care.htm
I have a Cyclamen plant that is still doing quite well. It is starting to get new blooms; however, they are very tall and droop. The leaves of the plant are also very long now and hang around the pot. Should I be cutting these back at some point? If I cut some of the taller leaves, can I start another plant?
It sounds like the plant is getting ready to go into dormancy. It is best to let it do so. Unfortunatly, you cannot start new plants from trimmed leaves. At the bottom of this article, there are instructions on how to care for the plant in dormancy: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/cyclamen/cyclamen-care.htm
I live in central Texas and was wondering where and when to plant this. How and when should or could I plant Cyclamen persicum? I was
given one at Christmas and it looks like it's dying. What do I do, and how do I go about replanting this?
It is going into dormancy. This is normal behavior for a cyclamen. They will go into dormancy after blooming. Because it is difficult to get cyclamen to rebloom indoors, many people simply throw them out after they finish blooming. But, if you would like to try to get them to bloom again, this article has directions for that in the second half of the article:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/cyclamen/cyclamen-care.htm
Why are the leaves on my cyclamen turning red underneath? Why does it sprout new flowers but then die and never make it to bloom?
I believe it may be having nutrient issues. While I am not 100% sure on cyclamen, I know on other plants a phosphorous deficiency will cause a reddish-purple cast to the leaves and will cause flowering to fail. Add some bone meal to the soil to increase phosphorous and this should help.
It may also be an issue with temperature (which can interfere with phosphorous uptake) so if you can move it somewhere a bit warmer, that may help as well.
We have had a cyclamen plant for a two or three years and it has flowered each year. Initially, the flower stems stayed straight up, but this time the stems do not seem to be able to support the flower and they sag down to the table. Do you have any advice as to how to correct this situation?
It sounds like it may not be getting enough light. This is the most common reason for weak stems. The other issue may be too much water. Water only when the top 1 inch of the soil is dry.
For cyclaman care, does it need sunlight to thrive?
They need bright, indirect light to grow well. Bright, direct light can burn them.
They look like teeny green tomatos, and have milky-white stuff inside. There are clusters of it from deep inside the soil up to the top. This is a houseplant during the winter, but outside from spring thru fall. I noticed this at the same time as lots of white specks on the leaves (aphids?), and wondered if they were a related problem - or not a problem at all. . . . .
The green balls are root nodules and are perfectly normal for a cyclamen. It is how they store energy.
The white specks could be aphids or one of a few other similar pests. They are all treated the same way with a standard pesticide. I personally like neem oil. It is organic, safe for people and pets and "good" bugs and very effective. Here is more information:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm