Q.Prepping garden soil in fall
Is there anything I can do to prepare my garden soil to avoid it being overgrown with weeds by spring?
Yes, I do have a few recommendations. Till it up before winter, and add dolomitic lime as per recommendation on the bag, then cover the whole garden with black plastic. Stake it down or it will fly away. There is plastic designed for this, or you can use what you have. When it is about time to plant uncover it, and if you would like, till it in again. Fresh, weedless soil, and balanced pH!
Here is an article for more information: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/projects/how-to-solarize-garden-beds-to-eliminate-garden-pests-in-the-soil.htm