Living in Montreal, Canada. (temp. varying around 7 to 14 degrees Centigrade) - My lilacs have unsightly leaves. Can I trim the entire branches holding the unsightly leaves as late as early November, or is it best to wait for spring? Also, can fertilizer be applied now?
Unless the leaves are caused by a disease issue that could spread, I would wait until spring for both pruning and fertilizing. The lilac is preparing to go into dormancy and both pruning and fertilizing this late in fall can cause it to reverse that. It then would be far more susceptible to cold weather in the coming months.
Can you plant lilac in the winter and can you plant them in containers?
Spring or fall is the best time for planting lilac bushes. They grow just fine in containers, though you want to make the container about 5"-10" wider than the rootball of the plant you have and at least 2' deep.
Dwarf types are also better choices, such as dwarf Koren lilac. They spread nicely, but stay small so it would not outgrow the container too quickly.
Here is an article that you may find helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/lilac/lilac-care-growing-and-planting-lilac-bush-plants.htm
Can I successfully graft a 1-1/2" branch from a dark purple Lilac onto a 1-1/2" branch of a lavender Lilac? I presume the graft should occur while the sap is down and the leaves are off. Should I use a V-shaped cut, and tongue and groove the graft to the root stock, clamp securely and guy wire the scion to help minimize movement?
People do, certainly, successfully graft lilac. If you want to try it, I suggest you make several grafts, as not all the grafts will take. Also, the more research you do, the better your chance of success. Here are a couple of articles to get you started: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/grafting-trees-what-is-tree-grafting.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/can-grafted-trees-revert-to-their-root-stock.htm
http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/chiwonlee/plsc368/student/papers04/elizabethbruins/syringa.htm
I am getting 4-5 blooms the first of April in Oregon, which possess very minimal fragrance. Is there anything I can do to enhance that fragrance? What fertilizers would you recommend? I know ammonium sulfate is supposed to enhance blueberry size/flavor. Is there anything like that for lilacs?
My research did not yield any information to suggest it was possible to boost a lilac's fragrance through soil amendments. The potency of a lilac's fragrance largely depends on the variety (medium to dark purple ones are more fragrant) and can be influenced by the surrounding air temperature. I consider flower fragrancy to be more of a genetic disposition, the function of which is to attract insect pollinators.
Here is an interesting article that discusses the fragrancy of lilacs:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/lilac/lilacs-no-scent.htm
If I plant a lilac bush 3 feet from my house, do I need to be concerned about termites?
I have never heard of or known this to be a problem with lilacs. I would say the only reason you would need to be concerned about lilacs and termites is if the lilac died - termites are drawn to dead wood.
Bush appears healthy and much larger than last year. It has full sun in fairly rich soil. It is about seven feet tall and I have not fertilized it.
There could be a few reasons for your lilac not blooming.
My best guess would be it does need a rejuvenation prune. I did this very prune to our lilac when we moved to our home. The lilac was only producing a few flowers. A good prune and 2 years brought a tree full of fragrant blossoms.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/lilac/lilac-bush-not-blooming.htm
One of the three lilac bushes I just planted is showing black spots that go through the leaves. There is no sign of aphid infestation or any bug that would be causing the spots. What would it be? Thanks.
I believe your lilac may have a bacterial blight, which can be treated with a copper fungicide.
Read the links below to identify it specifically.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/lilac/common-lilac-problems.htm
http://extension.oregonstate.edu/gardening/how-recognize-treat-and-avoid-lilac-bacterial-blight
http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/management-of-leaf-spot-diseases/