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If they are truly over watered, they will start to wilt and die as the roots literally drown. But don't be too sure they are overwatered. If they look healthy, they are probably fine.

I prefer to water in the morning. This article will help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/water-plants-vegetable-garden.htm

There’s a good chance you are over-watering your plants. Always check the soil before watering, if it’s somewhat damp, don’t water. On average plants require about an inch of water each week, maybe two in drought-prone regions. This article should help as well: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/environmental/signs-of-plants-affected-by-too-much-water.htm

This article will help you with that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/children/how-does-water-affect-plant-growth.htm

Typically, you would water both the top and each pocket to ensure even watering.

That depends on the plant.

The best time of day to water is in the early morning, as less water evaporates when temperatures are cool and winds are calm. Late afternoon and evening watering also reduces evaporation losses if winds are calm, but tends to encourage fungal disease because the grass stays moist all night. Midday watering does not harm the lawn. However, more water is lost to evaporation.