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If you are growing potatoes in rows, plant them 8 to 12 inches apart in each rows, and the rows should be 30 to 36 inches apart:
https://extension.umaine.edu/publications/2077e/
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/potato/how-deep-to-plant-potatoes.htm

These articles discuss what makes a good soil for potatoes and how to add organic matter and fertility:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/potato/how-deep-to-plant-potatoes.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/potato/prepping-beds-for-potatoes.htm
https://www.uvm.edu/vtvegandberry/factsheets/organicpotato.html

There are two diseases of potatoes that are commonly called blight: late blight and early blight. The following articles will help you identify them and will give you information on treatment.
https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=217
http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_LateBlt.htm
http://ipm.uconn.edu/documents/raw2/Early%20Blight%20and%20Late%20Blight%20of%20Potato/Early%20Blight%20and%20Late%20Blight%20of%20Potato.php?aid=52
http://vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu/factsheets/Potato_EarlyBlt.htm

If you determine that your potatoes had one of these diseases, the best option for next year is to rotate crops- plant something that's not in the nightshade (Solanaceae) plant family and that therefore won't be susceptible to the same diseases:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/nightshade-vegetable.htm

Burying your food scraps is actually a way of trench composting.
You certainly can dig holes and drop in to compost.
Digging deep enough to deter pests is important.
This is great technique for a busy gardener.
Volunteer fruits and vegetables can be looked upon as a plus or negative!
Remember that if the parent plants were hybrids, the new plant may be different then the original.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/basics/trench-composting.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/ingredients/composting-kitchen-scraps.htm

This plant will not winter over in your growing zone.
Rose Potato Bush is hardy in warm zones of 10 or higher.

The plant likely died.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/potato-bush/potato-bush-information.htm

I've planted potatoes this year in a raised bed using a mixture of Organic Peat Moss and Organic Mulch. Potatoes have sprouted and are looking superb. Just remember to not over water-potatoes don't like to be soggy,so make sure your container has adequate drainage. And always grow where the plant prefers. I don't use any fancy fertilizers or food. Good soil is the key to growing anything.