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They can do okay if just one is planted in a big pot with drainage holes in the bottom. I mean a good sized pot too! 20 to 24 inch diameter pot and 24 or more inches of depth/height to it. Not allowing proper drainage will cause root rot and kill the bush eventually. They do far better in the ground though in my experience.

Here is an article that will help you that deals specifically with aphids on rose bushes:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/roses/aphids-on-roses.htm

Don't be too upset. This has happened so many times I cannot count them all on my fingers and toes! The rosebushes should be just fine. It will take them a bit to get the new growth and setting of buds going but they should give you some nice bloom smiles yet again this season. I recommend mixing some root stimulator of choice and a product called Super Thrive in a big watering can and water each of the rosebushes with that mix. About a gallon to each rosebush. This will help get the growth and setting up buds going more quickly and also relieve any shock they may be dealing with. About a week after giving them this mix, give them some good organic rose food too and water them well.

It is late to do the transplanting now and could stunt their growth and could kill them. Typically the time to move/transplant rosebushes is either early Spring before they start to leaf out or very late fall once they have slowed down and gone at least somewhat dormant. I like to water the transplanted rosebushes with some water that has a product called Super Thrive in it. If it is an early Spring move, I also add some root stimulator in the water as well.

Unfortunately - no. Deer love roses. Here is a link to an article on deer resistant plants, so you may choose another option:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/deer/deer-resistant-plants.htm

The best thing you can do is wait and keep them watered. They are working to get their root systems well established to support the new growth and more nice blooms. It is common to have a lull period after transplanting the blooming rosebushes into your rose beds. The transplanting does shock them a bit. The new redish to maroon growth is typically a good sign in that from that growth will come the new buds and blooms. To help the root systems get growing well and help the rosebushes get over any shock or stresses, mix some root stimulator and a product called Super Thrive into the same water and give the rosebushes a gallon of that that mix three times at about 5 days apart. Follow the label as to how much to use for the amount of water in your can. It is okay to mix both of them in the same water. That should help get them going well.