What time of year do Gardenias bloom?
Two questions regarding Jubilation Gardenias:
1) When do I start pruning them?
2) How do I prune them to get the lower full branches?
I just purchased 5 Jubilation Gardenia bushes. I have them planted in my front bed. I eventually want to prune and shape these bushes but I'm unsure of when I should initially prune them and when I should start shaping them. Also, how do I prune them to get the lower, fuller branches so they're not top heavy and bare at the bottom? They are about 1 - 1 1/2 ft tall. They top out at 4 ft and with a 3-4 ft width.
This article will help you understand the general needs of gardenias: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/gardenia/when-to-prune-a-gardenia.htm
The variety information on 'Jubilation' indicates they should be pruned in the spring.
To develop branching on the lower part of the plant, you're going to want to keep the top and sides trimmed, both to let more light into the lower areas, and to encourage branching on the lower branches. This article will give you a start in understanding pruning and shaping: http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-459/430-459.html
When the blooms on a gardenia plant fade and darken, should they be trimmed off or just left to fall off themselves?
You can deadhead the flowers, but they do not need it. Simply pinch the blooms once they have died back at the base of the bloom, taking care not to disturb any new buds that may be forming.
How do you pick the flowers? Can you cut part of the branch like you would a rose or do you just pick the flower?
I am assuming that you're inquiring about taking a cutting for a bouquet or centerpiece. If this is the case, then you can simply make an angled cut along the stem or branch with the flower attached and place this in water. If, on the other hand, you are wanting to take cuttings for propagation, then this article will help with that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/gardenia/propagating-gardenias.htm
I have a gardenia I bought about a month ago, full of buds. They have not bloomed or fallen off. The plant looks healthy. What can I do?
Do the buds look or feel crusty? It is possible that your plant has thrips.They are hard to see and cause damage to the buds, making it diffiuclt for them to open. This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/controlling-thrips.htm This article will help if you feel it is not thrips: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/gardenia/gardenia-flowers-gardenia-buds-falling-off-plant.htm Even if the buds are not technically falling off, the causes for bud/flower drop would also apply to buds not opening. Humidity can also be a factor. Either mist it every few days or place it on a pebble tray filled with water.
I was told to put Epsom Salts on Gardenias to help them bloom. Plant is a year old, green and healthy, but has not set any blossoms yet.
Epsom salt is magnesium sulphate. For gardenias, this will help prevent yellowing of the leaves but has nothing to do with blooming really. Give it some bone meal instead. That will add phosphorus. Gardenias that have too little phosphorus will look lush but will lack flowers. This article will give some other tips: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/gardenia/gardenia-care-to-get-a-gardenia-bush-to-bloom.htm
My gardenia has started to get yellow leaves. I live in Spain, but it is in a mostly shaded area. It was fine last year.
This article will help you: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/gardenia/helping-a-gardenia-bush-with-yellow-leaves.htm