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The easiest way to stratify will be to place in the refrigerator for the needed period. After this, you can plant in container. It is best to wait until after the first year to transplant outside.

This article will give you more information on these trees: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/flowering-almond/growing-flowering-almonds.htm

That's to bad!

Though the buds and leaves were damaged, the shrub likely will be fine--just not pretty for awhile.

You can prune away the damaged plant material. New growth will likely began to occur since the roots were not likely effected.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/flowering-almond/pruning-flowering-almonds.htm

Curling leaves could be due to a pest issue or other growing concerns.

Inspect the plant for signs of pests and use Neem Oil is you see any.
This article will help.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/sweet-almond-bush/sweet-almond-bush-care.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm

If you can include photos, then that will help me to give you the best advice possible.

For now, though, I would be inclined to say that the tree is in need of fertilization and pruning. A photo will help me to confirm whether it is this, or possibly an infection.

For now, this article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/flowering-almond/growing-flowering-almonds.htm

You can, but I would recommend starting it in soil. However, if you have a way to oxygenate the water through out the day, every day and change the water every few days, then you can have success with this method. These cuttings can take several weeks to develop, leaving them prone to infection, so it is best to make is as easy as possible for yourself.

I recommend using a rooting hormone. This can be one purchased from a store, or it can be a direct analog such as acetylsalicylic acid. (That's right, you saw that correctly... Aspirin!) You can even root with Honey alone, but that can be a little more tricky.

The trick is to keep the soil slightly moist. Not wet, not dry. This can be done by moistening the soil to capacity then squeezing it until only a few drops of water come out. Put it into your container and cover with plastic, or a dome, making sure that you have just a little airflow. (Not enough to make the water evaporate too fast, but to give it air exchange.)

Keep the soil from drying out by misting the top, and you will have roots in a few weeks. You will know this when you start to see new green growth.

This article will help you to take cuttings: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/how-to-root-cuttings-from-various-shrubs-bushes-and-trees.htm

Yes, I would remove the little ones on the lower trunk as they appear. Also, some may grow from the roots at the base of the plant.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/tree-sucker-removal-and-tree-sucker-control.htm