What's your question? Ask

Mixing in compost or other amendments is very advantageous, depending on the soil texture, pH, and nutrient levels you start with:

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/starting/
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/best-soil-raised-garden-beds.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/how-to-improve-clay-soil.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/testing-soil.htm

Using plastic at the bottom of a raised bed is an option, but not required. It can be advantageous if there are roots underneath that are likely to grow into the raised bed, or if you're building above treated lumber or another source of contamination. But it will make the bed shallower, and the plants' roots won't have as much space to explore. You'll need to make sure your bed is a minimum of 6 inches (but preferably a lot more) above the plastic.

You are in zone 6b.
Here is a link with more information.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/gardening-by-zone/zone-6/plants-for-zone-6.htm

This article will help you.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/containers/hanging-basket-plants.htm

Visit local garden centers and look for colorful trailing plants that catch your eye!

You have what is considered full sun so many plants will do fine. Here is a listing: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/containers/hanging-basket-plants.htm

You need to know more than can be answered in this forum but use the search feature on this website to look up individual topics. A book from the library is a good idea, even Gardening for Dummies has the basics. You must first know what your soil is like, sandy, sticky clay or something in between; how much direct sunlight hits the bed; most plants need watering during dry spells or unusual heat/wind. Plants have specific needs: lavender will not do well in a bed that is watered enough to keep calla lily happy and plants rated for full sun need at least 6 hours/daily and plants rated for shade do not do well in full sun. Annuals are good for beginners. Local nurseries have staff who are more informed about their plants than big box store staff. Lastly, check the website of your state's "extension service". It will have lists of plants that do well in your state and so much more! https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/extension-search/

Healthy plants should still continue growing and may or may not produce more buds.
It can depend on the variety of plants that you have.