I just noticed black and light brown spots/bumps on the back of some fern leaves. What is causing it and how do i correct it?
Those are their spores. That is how they reproduce. Here is more:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/ferns-houseplants/propagating-ferns.htm
I would like to buy type.
There are some ferns that only grow 6 inches tall and would be ideal for a terrarium. This article gives fern sizes.
I would really like to remove a well-grown fishtail fern from a ceramic pot so I may use the pot for other plants. The big Q: do I let the fern dry out or soak the fern. Which would be easier for the plant to come out? It is a well-established fern. I really would appreciate your answer. Barbara
If it is in a large pot, then soaking will make it too heavy to lift out. This will cause roots to break off. Watering the soil a day prior will make it a little easier, since the damp soil will hold together well.
This article will help you to repot a larger plant:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/hpgen/repotting-a-large-plant.htm
This is a fern which has fingers like branching at the tip. I searched a lot but could not find it.
Ferns can be difficult to pin down. It will be difficult to day which it is.
It is likely one of 2 common genera, though. Likely, it is from Nephrolepis, or Didymochlaena.
This colletion of articles will help you with the care of ferns:
I have cleared out the dead branches. Made air hole around the fern. Is there something else I can do?
Unfortunately, I'm not able to identify your plant from this photo, and I'm not sure it's actually a fern. If the soil is good, the roots are covered and it's getting the right amounts of water and fertilizer, it should appreciate getting some room to grow. The removal of the dead wood should help.
I'm including a link for an article with tips about growing ferns:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/foliage/ferns/taking-care-of-outdoor-ferns.htm
other shade plants are heuchera and pulmonary do I need to cut them back also?
You don't need to cut back painted fern or lungwort in the fall. Leaving the cover will help insulate the crown during the winter. Trim any brown fronds when you see them during the growing season. Heuchera is evergreen so you don't need to cut it back, either.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/coral-bells/coral-bells-plant.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/lungwort/growing-lungwort-flower.htm
Anyone know what this is?
Those are spore-bearing structures. All ferns reproduce by spore, more like a mushroom, and these structures produce those spores.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/ferns-houseplants/propagating-ferns.htm