What causes holes in the leaves of a butterfly bush and down towards the bottom of the plant? The stems are brown not green.
I suspect the culprit is slugs. They come out at night and disappear during the day. While you would not always see them, if you know for certain they are there or find evidence of their nightly visits, this should confirm the fact that they are munching on your shrub. This article will help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/facts-about-slugs-and-how-to-kill-garden-slugs.htm
As for the stems, this article will help determine if your shrub is still alive or not. If it is and the stems or roots are still healthy, the shrub should come back. https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/environmental/how-to-tell-if-a-plant-is-dead-and-how-to-recover-an-almost-dead-plant.htm
I have tried rooting cuttings in water, no luck. I have also tried rooting in soil with a rooting hormone, no luck. Any suggestions?
There are alot of things that can go wrong when you are trying to root cuttings and since I don't know your process, I don't know where it could be tweaked. But, I can tell you where things normally go wrong...
Rooting in water
Cuttings often fail in water due to bacteria and fungus in the water. It is very important to change the water regularly, possibly even daily for plants a that are prone to rotting. A drop or two of bleach per cup of water can also help keep bacteria and fungus from getting in the water and rotting the cutting.
Rooting in soil
Often, the reason for failure with rooting in soil is either failure to keep the soil moist, keeping the soil too moist or failure to keep the humidity around the cutting high enough. For the soil too moist, make sure that the soil drains very well. Adding some perlite to the soil can help with this. For too dry, check the soil daily and water when the top of the soil is dry to the touch. For the humidity, make sure the cuttings are in an enclosed environment, either under a glass cover or under plastic. Just make sure the cover does not touch the cutting as this can encourage rotting.
My butterfly bush has brown/round spots on all of the leaves, even the new growth. The spots run in small clusters and some even in lines. I know it is probably some kind of "bug" but how do I save the bush and rid the bugs?
It actually sounds like a fungus. There are a few that it could be but for the most part, they can all be treated with a fungicide. Treat the plant with a fungicide if copper sulfate or neem oil.
We planted several Empire Buddleias six weeks ago. The leaves are wilted during the day but perk up the next morning. I measured the moisture and down low in the ground, it's very moist but dry at the top. I suspect the soil as I tilled in Black Kow and peat moss since we have a sandy soil. The plants are just not doing well, and I was going to totally replant them and replace the soil with general potting soil. Is this a good idea?
Perhaps adding in some compost or fertile potting soil will help but you may also want to consider mulching the area around your plants. This will help conserve moisture, especially close to the surface.
Is it possible to cut a clipping and plant a new butterfly bush from it? If so, what is the process and recommended materials?
This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/butterfly-bush/propagating-butterfly-bush.htm
How do I root a cutting from our Butterfly bush?
This article will help with that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/shrubs/butterfly-bush/propagating-butterfly-bush.htm
I have a new butterfly bush still in a pot, only about 10 inches tall. It is in the sun most of the day and has been growing very well. All of a sudden the leaves are starting to turn yellow. Can you tell me why this is happening?
You need to get it in the ground so the roots won't get too hot. I had that happen to me and it did great after I planted it. Water it in well but don't over water. I have seven butterfly bushes and they are my favorites. They do love the sun.