Q.What Is This Tree And Where Should I Plant It?
It dies back completely in winter and grows leaves in late spring. Also, is it too big for the pot?

Certified GKH Gardening Expert
It appears to be a type of Ficus. It also appears to have more than enough room in that container.
Here in the US, they don't do well outdoors in most areas. Their care will be similar, regardless of whether it is indoors or outdoors.
Here is an article for more information:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/ficus/ficus-tree-care.htm