What vegetables are best for planting now?
For zones 9, 10, and 11, you have plenty of options for this time of year! Here is an article that will help:
This collection of articles will offer more information on your planting zone:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/gardening-by-zone/zone-9-10-11
Trying to grow organic vegetables
You might try milky spore. It is safe for veggie gardens.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/what-is-milky-spore.htm
limited sunlight
You will be limited in your choice of plants, but fortunately, there are quite a few that you CAN grow. This article will help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/shade-vegetables.htm
I have raised beds
It depends on your climate, what kind of vegetables you like, and whether they are cool season or warm season vegetables. Your seed packets should tell you. It will show when to plant for your hardiness zone (8b) and how long it will take your vegetable to reach maturity. Here is some information that should be helpful:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/spring-planting-crops.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/starting-indoors-direct-sowing.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/propagation/seeds/beginner-vegetable-seeds.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/gardening-by-zone/zone-8/zone-8-seed-starting.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/growing-vegetables-with-seeds.htm
Can I spray with dawn dish soap, epsom salt, and vinegar? How long should I wait before sowing seeds? This is a raised bed.
Boiling water actually works on annual weeds. Tough perennial weeds like dandelions may not be completely killed to the root. Here are more options:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/organic/using-salt-to-kill-weeds.htm
The treated lumber has been in there for 10+ years.
I don't know how long the danger exists, but to be safe you can remove the soil and staple thick plastic to the wood, then replace the soil. Or use that bed for ornamentals.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/info/treated-wood-for-gardening.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/info/are-railroad-ties-safe.htm
L have grown huge gardens for 60 years. As a child that's was our main source of food.i have grown a few vegetables on my balcony the last few years. This year, from purchased bags of soil, my Carrots and Beets have big leaves but no substantial roots. The carrot tops are over a foot high and the thin little carrots are a couple of inches long. They should be thicker and at least 4 inches long. The beets are the size of a matchstick. I have never seen this before.
Are you growing them in the bag or in a container? You may need a larger container for good root growth. This article is about raised beds, but it shows the depth vegetables need.
Also, are your veggies getting full sun on the patio? That can be an issue. Here is more:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/vgen/raised-bed-soil-depth.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/containers/growing-vegetables-in-buckets.htm