I am interested in how propagation works. I can't quite comprehend how the plant can start growing roots, just by being sprinkled while the stem is suspended in the air? Do you need a rooting gel or enzyme to get things growing? And doesn't the gel get washed away?
Perhaps, this article will help explain the process and types of propagation to give you a bit more understanding on the subject.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/propagation/propgen/types-of-plant-propagation.htm
What does soilless mix mean? Also, do you root soft wood of evergreens the same way as shrubs that lose their leaves?
Most soilless mixes are predominantly sphagnum peat moss, which is lightweight, inexpensive, and well draining but water retentive. Soilless mixes are also free of disease and other contaminates.
This article will help with rooting: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/tgen/how-to-root-cuttings-from-various-shrubs-bushes-and-trees.htm
Your article on rooting softwood cuttings says to put the cutting into a 'damp soilless mix. ' What is that?
This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/soilless-growing-mediums.htm
Where can I buy root powder?
You can buy it at most plant nurseries and many big box hardware stores. It will be sold as rooting hormone.
Are there ANY trees that can be started by placing a branch of grown tree in water?
Yes, willow trees are often started this way. They produce a natural hormone that encourages rooting. You can actually root other plants easier in "willow water" or water that has been used to root willow branches.
Is there a way to grow cedar trees without the plant itself? Can I use a cut or broken branch put into plain water to start a tree??? Thanks
I took a branch from a bush by the house to see what I could do with it. I want to know how to grow this branch.
It really depends on which kind of bush. Some kinds of plants will develop just by sticking the branch into the soil. Some bushes require grafting, which I've never tried. Some will grow by adding root hormone. And some? Some won't grow at all even if you add pixie dust to it. (Good luck finding pixie dust anyway. lol)
Now, try again, and let folks know which kind of bush you want to grow and you'll probably get a better answer next time. (Hey, I'm no expert. I just garden. lol)
What is a "soil-less" potting medium used to root cuttings from bushes?
This article will help you with this:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/soilless-growing-mediums.htm