Will periwinkle choke out sago palm, European palm or fountain grass?
Yes, it can choke out other plantings.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/groundcover/periwinkle/growing-periwinkle.htm
Our periwinkle has done well with just some occasional weeding. It grows on a hillside with a mixture of sun and shade but mostly shade. For the first time this spring, there are a few dead spots. Most of the area looks healthy. We did have a long and harsh winter but that has never bothered the growth before.
This could be the onset of a fungal infection. Are the leaves spotted? Oftentimes, spots on leaves come together to form larger patches of dead tissue. Dig up and discard infected plants as well as the soil surrounding their roots. Then treat with a fungicide or sulfur spray.
It could also be attributed to insect pests. Check the plants carefully. These can be treated with neem oil and as an added bonus, it doubles as a fungicide, so treating with neem oil would actually help alleviate both pest and fungal issues. Here is more information: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/problems/pests/neem-oil-uses.htm
How much periwinkle do I need to plant to cover an area 40' x 3'? Allowing for it to grow in some, but looking quite lush to start.
This will depend greatly on the size nursery plants you use.
Space the holes 4 to 5 feet apart for traditional ground cover planting, or as close as 6 yo 8 inches apart for faster coverage.
Make sure you plant the plants at the same level as the nursery pots.
Put a layer of mulch in between the plantings but keep it an inch away from the base of the plants to allow excess water to evaporate.
Here is a link with proper growing information.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/groundcover/periwinkle/growing-periwinkle.htm
I have a large, very steep, rising bank at the rear of my house on which I planted Periwinkle last spring. I now wish to fill in the gaps with further plants and have approximately 100 in pots ready for planting. Would it be OK to plant them now, as it is raining and still relatively mild, or should I really wait until the spring?
Actually, fall is a great time for planting. Just make sure to keep them watered while adjusting to their new surroundings and becoming established. To help protect the tender root system once the onset of cold weather arrives, you can always mulch around the plants too.
Periwinkle planted this year in 20 x 20 area, part shade protected from the north. After last year's freeze, I thought I'd cover the periwinkle now with leaves as a winter cover. Is that a good idea? When should I uncover?
Yes, you can add about 4 inches of organic loose mulch such as leaves to winterize the Periwinkle ground cover.
Uncover your plants in the spring when the danger of frost has passed.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/groundcover/periwinkle/growing-periwinkle.htm
Will periwinkle/myrtle grow into the grass? I thought I heard that it doesn't like grass and will stay contained.
Periwinkle can become invasive and it will grow into a grass surface.
Here is a link with information on controlling this ground cover.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/groundcover/periwinkle/periwinkle-control-methods.htm
How far apart to plant new plant?
You can plant the Periwinkle 8 to 10 inches apart for edging coverage.
If you plant closer together for a more filled in look right away, you can always move plants later.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/groundcover/periwinkle/growing-periwinkle.htm