These articles will help with the needed care and environment for growing mushrooms.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/mushrooms/propagating-mushroom-ends.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/mushrooms/propagating-mushroom-ends.htm
I'm sorry, but just about every "fact" offered in this article is either completely inaccurate or misleading, starting with the term, "A real mushroom." https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/fungus-lichen/mushroom-identification.htm
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Even further... It must be digested in order to have any affects imparted on you. Otherwise, they are absolutely harmless to touch.
There are several absolutely deadly mushrooms that have popped up in my plants indoors, but I always leave them. They do much more good than harm for your plant. As long as you do not eat a toxic mushroom, then there will be no reason to fear it. Even then, many toxic mushrooms are only mildly toxic, so your chances of being injured by a mushroom quietly living on its own are very close to nonexistent.
I find it fascinating to watch them grow, and change since they do so very quickly!
It has a brown gunk around it
This is a great image of a Stinkhorn fungus.
This article has more information for you.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/fungus-lichen/removing-stinkhorn-fungi.htm
Are. The. Mushrooms. Growing. On. My. Lawn. Edible?
This is unlikely. Mushroom ID, even from a picture, is difficult and the consequences of a mistake make it not worth a try.
I found this fungus looking stuff in my flower bed
Soil is naturally full of fungi and bacteria, most of which are beneficial. Mushroom spores linger in the soil until conditions are just right for them to sprout. They do no damage to the garden and do not make veggies unsafe to eat. They will disappear on their own, usually very quickly. Allow them to compost in place.
Where can I buy it at?
You can purchase at garden centers, greenhouses and even big box stores will sell in their garden departments. You can also search online for a source that can ship to you.