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Try neem oil. We have found it to be very effective. Here is more information to help you: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm

diatamaceous earth and buttermilk diluted with water for cabbage bugs

Yes, they can. Once the whiteflies have been eliminated, just care for it as you normally would and it has a pretty good chance of recovering.

It sounds like you have fungus gnats. This article will help:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/children/fungus-gnats.htm

Earwigs also need damp areas to survive. You can set up earwig traps by rolling up a section of newspaper and wetting it down slightly. Place the damp newspaper roll into one of your problem areas and leave it there overnight. The earwigs will crawl into the newspaper and in the morning, you can dispose of it by burning, dousing it with boiling water or immersing it in a solution of water and bleach. You can also try pesticides as a last resort.

It sounds like you have fungus gnats. This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/special/children/fungus-gnats.htm

Neem oil will help take care of these pests but will not hurt the plants. Here is more information: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm