What's your question? Ask

(FYI-You plant your garlic in the fall and you harvest it in the spring.)
This is late June.I find if the plants are allowed to bloom, the energy goes to the flower and the garlic bulbs end up being much smaller. I cut the flower stalks down about 6-8 inches and steam them like asparagus or saute them in EVOO. Very good.

Here is an article or two that you may find helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/garlic/growing-garlic-how-to-plant-and-grow-garlic-in-your-garden.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/garlic/when-to-harvest-garlic.htm

You can. Those are bulbils and they can be planted just like the cloves and bulblets to grow new garlic but it will take 2 years before they will form a full head of garlic.

Garlic and onion are two different things but both are related. Garlic is most often used as seasoning in foods. Onions may be used the same way but are also eaten in salads, on sandwiches, alone, etc. Here is an article or two that you may find helpful:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/garlic/growing-garlic-how-to-plant-and-grow-garlic-in-your-garden.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/onion/find-how-to-grow-onions-in-your-garden.htm

Store freshly dug, unwashed bulbs in a dark, dry place as soon as possible.

Here is an article that you may find helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/garlic/when-to-harvest-garlic.htm

While it is closer to a leek than a garlic, you plant and grow elephant garlic like regular garlic. Because of its size, spacing is different. Put the cloves 8-10 inches apart in rows 18-20 inches from each other. Set them 1-2 inches deep. Sometimes elephant garlic tends to produce only one large, solid bulb with no segments. If this occurs, replant and it will produce a bulb the next harvest with the more typical cloves. Many gardeners also cut the scapes (flower stems) so the plants can focus more energy on bulb production. Planting usually takes place in fall, about 4-6 weeks before the first hard freeze in order to establish roots but it can also be spring planted. Harvest the garlic by pulling or digging when the tops turn brown and die down in summer. Store in a cool, dry place to prevent sprouting.