We need to prune an elderberry bush and aren't sure if, from a climate perspective, whether the timing is the same for us in southern Ontario. Thanks.
Prune during dormancy, not matter your climate.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/pruning-an-elderberry.htm
Can I eat the fruit of my black lace elderberries and how do I tell if they are ripe? When should I pick them
It is possible that they are in need of fertilization, as a lack of potassium and phosphorous can cause these symptoms. As for when to harvest... This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/tips-for-picking-elderberries.htm
witch is best to do. cut tour clipping ,after finding the difference in male and female plants. or gust buy them. when is the best to but and plant. what kind of ground will they grow best in. thank you cliff rice
Elderberry, Sambucus canadensis, is self-fertile but the amount of fruit increases with a second cultivar nearby. Nearby means within 50 feet and the closer, the better. It isn't male and female that you need, like holly, but plants from different growers. They will have slightly different genetics. Some Viburnums also need a second cultivar of the same species for optimal fruit set. If you buy one locally and get a second of the same species from a native plant nursery near you, you'll be all set.
I read that elderberries should be dark blue and hanging upside down to be ripe. Can I leave these berries spread out on the counter to ripen more? Will they ripen? Are they too unripe at this color to use?
As long as they are not green at all, then they are fine. They will not ripen off of the plant, so it is important to pick them when they are fully ripe.
This article will help: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/tips-for-picking-elderberries.htm
The plant is over 6 ft tall and lots of limbs. It looks really healthy and got so many clusters of flowers.Now it has berries but they are small and still pretty green. I thought that would be the size of small peas atleast. Is there a reason the berries are small? Should I cut it back this fall? Thanks very much.
When they are fully ripe, they will be the proper size, and will turn dark or red. This article will help you to know when to pick these: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/tips-for-picking-elderberries.htm
In the spring, around April, I planted 2 different varieties of black lace elderberry plants. Both have done well, but the one is growing low to the ground. It's limbs are close to 3 ft long and laying on the ground. Should I do something, like stake them or will they eventually grow upward?
Some varieties will do this naturally. It will not hurt to leave them, and will be up to your preference to stake them or not.
This article will give you more information on the care of elderberry plants: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/planting-elderberry.htm
I want to prune my elderberry bush. It is about 4 years old. How can I tell the 3 year canes from 2 year & 1 year canes?
Generally, the stalk that everything originates from will be the oldest, and closer to three year growth. The secondary branching is the second year's growth, and the new growth at the tips are fresh first year growth. This article will give you more instruction on pruning these: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/elderberry/pruning-an-elderberry.htm