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The foliage might die back, but its roots should be fine. It may regrow its foliage this year though.

You have root cuttings or divisions?
This would be the correct way to divide a Bleeding Heart plant.
You could directly plant them in a shady area of the garden.
Here is a link.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/bleeding-heart/bleeding-heart-care.htm

My best guess is that this is cutworms. More information on these pests can be found here:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/insects/get-rid-cutworms.htm

Barring that, it could be deer but it depends - were any of the plants actually eaten outside of being bit off at the base?

Most likely your plant needs some nutrients. You can top dress the soil with some good organic compost.
Also a slow release fertilizer is important in the spring as the leaves start to emerge.
Here is a link with care and growing information.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/bleeding-heart/bleeding-heart-care.htm

Your Bleeding Heart vine is a heavy feeder and needs a frequent fertilizer applied every 2 months during it's growing season.
Here is a link with more information.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/vines/bleeding-heart-vine/clerodendrum-bleeding-heart.htm

New plants require daily water and when the summer temperatures rise you will need to water twice a day.

Yellowing leaves indicate water issues, to little or to much.
My newly planted Bleeding Heart from last spring did not bloom until this spring. Patience and care!

Here is a great article.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/bleeding-heart/bleeding-heart-care.htm