Q.6 Ft Tall Pencil Plant Has A Wide Diameter Center Trunk, Now Has Black Plaque-like Areas On The Trunk???
The plant is about six years old and at one time was over ten feet. I cut it back to about four feet several years ago. It now has a younger middle trunk growing about the original one. I haven’t looked closely at the plant for at least a month. The black plaque- like patches are on the original trunk, heavier towards the bottom. It appears that are moving upwards. The upper plaques are smaller in size.

Certified GKH Gardening Expert
It may be stem rot. This article describes the problem and how to correct it. I also would take some cuttings off the top of healthy tissue just in case you lose it.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/cacti-succulents/scgen/stem-rot-of-cactus.htm