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Yes, you can grow this in containers. Just keep it well watered.

Here is an article that you may find helpful: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/swiss-chard/how-to-grow-swiss-chard.htm

It is likely slugs or snails. This is typical for them and they only come out at night, so it can be hard to spot them. These articles will help you deal with them:
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/facts-about-slugs-and-how-to-kill-garden-slugs.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/organic-snail-control-how-to-control-garden-snails.htm

It is very simple. Just select the leaves that you would like to harvest (mainly ones that look big enough) and cut them off about 1-2 inches above the base. Leave smaller leaves so that they can continue to grow and provide future harvests.

I would not give up on the swiss chard and the spinach. These can sometimes have a long germination time and they may just not have come up yet. As to the beans, the excessively wet spring that the midwest has had may have caused some of the seeds to rot in the ground.

I would water based on amount rather than by day. The garden need 2-3" of water a week. If you get that much in rainfall, you do not need to water manually. Also, it is better to water 1-2 times a week deeply rather than everyday shallowly. This will encourage deeper roots on the plants which make for healthier plants.

What does the damage look like? Is it holes in the leaves or are the plants being "cut" off. This will help us identify what is attacking your plant.

Holes can usually point to slugs, while cutworms and some animal pests typically "cut" the plants off at the stems.