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Some people do use plastic, but that is more to keep deep rooted weeds from growing up through the bed. If you decide to do this, be aware that the plastic can restrict the roots of your plants. It is probably not needed unless you had a serious weed problem where the beds are now.

Chicken wire buried around the beds is an excellent way to keep digging critters out of the bed. It will not harm your plants. You will want to bury the chicken wire 1-2 feet to be effective against digging animals.

I would recommend neem oil. It is safe for people, pets and beneficial bugs but kills most of the bad bugs. Here is more information on it: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/plant-problems/pests/pesticides/neem-oil-uses.htm

If you have clay soil, this is a great idea as it will help with drainage. It is less necessary for other soils, but can't hurt to have that extra drainage in place.

If you have clay soil, this is a great idea as it will help with drainage. It is less necessary for other soils, but can't hurt to have that extra drainage in place. In addition, you may want to consider amending the clay soil. This article should help with tips for doing that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/how-to-improve-clay-soil.htm

These articles should help you with that: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/how-to-improve-clay-soil.htm
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/amending-sandy-soil.htm

Add phosphorus to the soil to help re-balance it. Bone meal is a good source of phosphorus. Here is an article with other suggestions: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/too-much-nitrogen-soil.htm